Impact of Iron Ore Pre-Reduction Degree on the Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction Process

To counteract the rising greenhouse gas emissions, mainly CO2, European steel industry needs to restructure current process route for production. Globally, blast furnace and subsequent basic oxygen are used in 73% of crude production, with a CO2 footprint roughly 1.8 t per ton produced steel. Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction (HPSR) utilizes excited hydrogen states highest reduction potentials combine simultaneous smelting iron ore fines. Due wide range grades available worldwide, series plasma experiments were conducted determine how pre-reduced iron-containing residues affect behavior, consumption, overall time, metal phase microstructure. It was discovered that, during pre-melting under pure argon, wet increased electrode consumption hematite achieved higher levels, due thermal decomposition. The magnetite yielded rate conversion rates. Both exhibited high utilization rates at first, but underwent kinetic change degree 80–85%, causing decrease. In comparison fluidized bed technology, it is possible use directly, final can move along more quickly temperatures, which reduces time raises average utilization. A combination both technologies be considered advantageous exhaust recycling.